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Norman Jewison

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Norman Jewison
CC OOnt
Born
Norman Frederick Jewison

(1926-07-21)July 21, 1926
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
DiedJanuary 20, 2024(2024-01-20) (aged 97)
Malibu, California, U.S.
Alma materVictoria College (B.A., 1949)
Occupations
  • Director
  • producer
  • screenwriter
Years active1950–2003
OrganizationCanadian Film Centre
Spouses
  • Margaret Ann Dixon
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1953; died 2004)​
  • Lynne St. David
    ​
    (m. 2010)​
Children3
AwardsFull list

Norman Frederick Jewison CC OOnt (July 21, 1926 – January 20, 2024) was a Canadian filmmaker. He was known for directing films which addressed topical social and political issues, often making controversial or complicated subjects accessible to mainstream audiences. Among numerous other accolades, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director three times in three separate decades, for In the Heat of the Night (1967), Fiddler on the Roof (1971), and Moonstruck (1987). He was nominated for an additional four Oscars, three Golden Globe Awards, and a Primetime Emmy Award, and won a BAFTA Award. He received the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences's Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award in 1999.[1]

Born and raised in Toronto, Jewison began his career at CBC Television in the 1950s, moving to the United States later in the decade to work at NBC. He made his feature film debut in 1962, with the comedy 40 Pounds of Trouble, and embarked on a motion picture directing career that spanned over 40 years. His notable films included The Cincinnati Kid (1965), The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966), The Thomas Crown Affair (1968), Jesus Christ Superstar (1973), Rollerball (1975), F.I.S.T. (1978), ...And Justice for All (1979), A Soldier's Story (1984), Agnes of God (1985), and The Hurricane (1999).

In 1988, Jewison founded the Canadian Film Centre. In 2003, he received the Governor General's Performing Arts Award for Lifetime Artistic Achievement for his multiple contributions to the film industry in Canada.[2] He was Chancellor of Victoria University in the University of Toronto, his alma mater, from 2004 until 2010.

Early life and education

[edit]

Jewison was born in Toronto, Ontario, the son of Dorothy Irene (née Weaver) and Percy Joseph Jewison (1890–1974),[3] who managed a convenience store and post office.[4] He attended Kew Beach School and Malvern Collegiate Institute, and while growing up in the 1930s displayed an aptitude for performing and theatre. He was often mistaken for being Jewish due to his surname and direction of Fiddler on the Roof, but Jewison and his family are Protestants (Methodists[5]) of English descent.[6] He served in the Royal Canadian Navy (1944–1945) during World War II, and after being discharged travelled in the American South, where he encountered segregation, an experience that influenced his later work.[7]

Jewison attended Victoria College in the University of Toronto, graduating with a B.A. in 1949. As a student, he was involved in writing, directing, and acting in various theatrical productions, including the All-Varsity Revue in 1949. Following graduation, he moved to London, where he worked sporadically as a script writer for a children's television program and bit part actor for the BBC, while supporting himself with odd jobs. Out of work in Britain in late 1951, he returned to Canada to become a production trainee at CBLT in Toronto, which was preparing for the launch of CBC Television.[8]

Career

[edit]

1952–1964: Early work

[edit]
From left to right: Chaim Topol, Lex Goudsmit and Jewison in 1971

When CBC Television went on the air in the fall of 1952, Jewison was an assistant director.[8] During the next seven years he wrote, directed, and produced a wide variety of musicals, comedy-variety shows, dramas, and specials, including The Big Revue, Showtime, and The Barris Beat. In 1953 he married Margaret Ann "Dixie" Dixon, a former model. They had three children – Michael, Kevin, and Jennifer[9][10] – who all pursued careers in the entertainment industry.[11] In 1958 Jewison was recruited to work for NBC in New York, where his first assignment was Your Hit Parade, followed by The Andy Williams Show. The success of these shows led to directing specials featuring performers such as Harry Belafonte, Jackie Gleason, and Danny Kaye. The television production that proved pivotal to Jewison's career was the Judy Garland "comeback" special that aired in 1961, which included Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin, and led to a weekly show that Jewison was later called in to direct. Visiting the studio during rehearsal for the special, actor Tony Curtis suggested to Jewison that he should direct a feature film.[7]

Jewison's career as a film director began when Tony Curtis' and Janet Leigh's film production company, Curtleigh Productions, hired him to direct the comedy 40 Pounds of Trouble in February 1962.[12] The film was financed and distributed by Universal-International Pictures and was the first motion picture ever filmed at Disneyland.[12][13] Curtleigh Productions' contract with Jewison had a negotiable option for further films if the initial picture was successful.[14] In early October 1962, Jewison formed his own independent film production company, SImkoe Productions, and signed a two-picture deal with Curtis' new film production company, Curtis Enterprises, as well as an additional two-picture deal with Universal-International Pictures.[15] Although the two pictures for Curtis Enterprises were not made, both films for Universal-International Pictures were. He made two comedies starring Doris Day: The Thrill of It All, released in 1963 and co-starring James Garner, and Send Me No Flowers, released in 1964 and co-starring Rock Hudson. After another comedy, The Art of Love (1965), Jewison was determined to escape from the genre and tackle more demanding projects.[16][17]

1965–1987: Breakthrough and acclaim

[edit]
Clint Eastwood with Jewison in 1987

His breakthrough film proved to be The Cincinnati Kid (1965), a drama starring Steve McQueen, and Jewison considered it one of his personal favourites because it was his first challenging drama.[18] This success was followed in 1966 by a satire on Cold War paranoia, The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming; it was the first film Jewison also produced, and it was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Picture. He felt that doing "a plea for coexistence, or the absurdity of international conflict was important right at that moment". While reaction to Russians was positive, Jewison was labelled as "a Canadian pinko" by right-wing commentators.[19]

Continuing his string of successes was one of the films that has become closely identified with Jewison as its director, In the Heat of the Night (1967), a crime drama set in a racially divided Southern town and starring Sidney Poitier and Rod Steiger, which won five Academy Awards, including Best Picture, while Jewison was nominated for Best Director. While he was filming, Robert Kennedy told Jewison that this could be "a very important film. Timing is everything". Kennedy reminded Jewison of that prediction a year and a half later when he presented him with the Critics' Choice Movie Award for best drama.[19] As a follow-up he directed and produced another film with McQueen, using innovative multiple screen images in the crime caper The Thomas Crown Affair (1968). From that point Jewison produced all feature films he directed, often with associate Patrick Palmer, and he also acted as producer for films directed by others, beginning with his former film editor Hal Ashby's directorial debut The Landlord (1970).[20] After the completion of the period comedy Gaily, Gaily (1969), Jewison, having become disenchanted with the political climate in the United States, moved his family to England.[20]

Jewison in 1987

At Pinewood Studios northwest of London, and on location in Yugoslavia, he worked on the musical Fiddler on the Roof (1971, re-issued 1979), which won three Oscars and was nominated for five others, including Best Picture and Director. During the filming of Fiddler, Jewison was also the subject of the 1971 National Film Board of Canada documentary, Norman Jewison, Filmmaker, directed by Douglas Jackson.[21] Jewison's next project was the musical Jesus Christ Superstar (1973), based on the Broadway musical written by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice. It was filmed in Israel, where Jewison also produced the western Billy Two Hats (1974), starring Gregory Peck. Superstar, controversial for its treatment of a religious subject, was followed by another movie that sparked critical debate, this time over violence. Rollerball (1975) is set in the near future when corporations rule the world and entertainment is centred around a deadly game. The next film he directed, the labour union drama F.I.S.T. (1978), loosely based on the life of Jimmy Hoffa, also provided some controversy, this time regarding the screenwriting credit. Screenwriter Joe Eszterhas was unhappy to share the screenwriting credit with the film's star Sylvester Stallone, as he felt that Stallone's input had been minor, while Stallone claimed to have basically rewritten the whole script.[22]

In 1978 Jewison returned to Canada, settling in the Caledon area in Ontario and establishing a farm that produced prizewinning cattle, as well as maple syrup.[11][23] Operating from a base in Toronto, as well as one maintained in California, he directed high-profile actors Al Pacino in ...And Justice for All (1979), and Burt Reynolds and Goldie Hawn in the romantic comedy Best Friends (1982), and he produced The Dogs of War (1981) and Iceman (1984). During this period Jewison also produced the 53rd Annual Academy Awards (1981), which was slated to air the day President Ronald Reagan was shot and had to be rescheduled. Revisiting the theme of racial tension that had characterised In the Heat of the Night, Jewison's A Soldier's Story (1984), based on a Pulitzer Prize winning play, was nominated for three Academy Awards, including Best Picture. His next film was also based on a successful play. Agnes of God (1985), set in a Quebec convent, starred Jane Fonda, Meg Tilly, and Anne Bancroft; it received three Academy Award nominations.[20] In 1986, he then discontinued the agreement with film producer Columbia Pictures, citing the behaviour of British filmmaker and head of production David Puttnam.[24] After the falling out with Columbia, his Yorktown Productions company was moved to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer for a three-year agreement to direct, produce, and develop pictures from the studio, and gave MGM the right of first refusal on films he wished to make.[25] Jewison's next film proved to be one of the most popular romantic films ever made. Moonstruck (1987), starring Cher, was a box office hit that garnered three Academy Awards, including Best Actress for Cher. Jewison also received his third Best Director nomination.[9][10]

1988–2001

[edit]
Jewison, Eva Marie Saint and Carl Reiner in 2009
Jewison at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2011

For the next decade Jewison continued to direct feature films released by major studios: In Country (1989), a drama concerned with Vietnam veterans and the daughter of a war casualty; Other People's Money (1991), a social comedy about greed in the 1980s; Only You (1994), a romantic comedy set in Italy; and Bogus (1996), a fantasy about a young boy and his imaginary friend. He also served as producer for the film January Man (1989), executive producer for the Canadian movie Dance Me Outside, and branched back into television both as director and producer, including the TNT biographical film Geronimo (1993) and the series The Rez (1996–1998).[26]

The Hurricane (1999) was Jewison's third film to explore the effects of racism, telling the story of boxer Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, who had been falsely convicted for a triple murder in New Jersey during the mid-1960s. Denzel Washington won a Golden Globe and was nominated for an Oscar for his portrayal of Carter. In 1999, Jewison's work was recognised by The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences when he was given the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award for lifetime achievement. Jewison continued directing and producing up until his last film to be released, the 2003 thriller The Statement, based on a novel by Brian Moore starring Michael Caine. That same year his autobiography This Terrible Business Has Been Good to Me was published, expressing the enthusiasm, conviction, and creative passion that sustained his career.[27]

In 1999, he directed the HBO television movie Dinner with Friends starring Andie MacDowell, Greg Kinnear, Toni Collette, and Dennis Quaid. The film was based on the play of the same name by Donald Margulies. Jewison was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie.[20]

Describing the key characteristic of the films he made, he once said: "I want people to recognise themselves in the movies I make. I don't enjoy no-brainer action movies."[28]

Canadian Film Centre

[edit]
Main article: Canadian Film Centre
Jewison at a CFC Garden Party in 2012

Jewison's commitment and contribution to film in Canada is evidenced by his creation of the Canadian Centre for Advanced Film Studies in 1986, which opened two years later as an advanced film school on Windfields Estate in Toronto, Ontario. This was subsequently renamed the Canadian Film Centre (CFC).[29]

More than 1,700 alumni and 100 alumni companies have come out of CFC's programs to date,[29] including Shaftesbury Films, Conquering Lion Pictures, CopperHeart Entertainment, Smiley Guy Studios, and Secret Location.[30] The centre has helped incubate and/or develop groundbreaking original content, including hit television series Orphan Black (from creators Graeme Manson and John Fawcett,[31] CFC alumni), the award-winning first feature Closet Monster (from writer/director alumnus Stephen Dunn),[32][33] and internationally award-winning documentary feature Stories We Tell (from director and CFC alumna Sarah Polley).[34]

Additionally, feature films such as Rhymes for Young Ghouls (director Jeff Barnaby), Cube (director Vincenzo Natali), and Rude (director Clement Virgo) have been developed and produced through CFC Features.[35]

Each year in Los Angeles, Jewison bestowed the CFC Award for Creative Excellence to CFC alumni in recognition of their outstanding work and contributions to the screen-based entertainment industry. Jewison presented the inaugural award to CFC alumna Semi Chellas (Mad Men) in 2014, to Graeme Manson and John Fawcett (Orphan Black) in 2015, and to Don McKellar (The Red Violin, Highway 61) in 2016.[31]

Jewison was the Chair Emeritus of the CFC.[36]

Personal life

[edit]
Jewison and wife Lynne St. David-Jewison in September 2016

Norman Jewison and Margaret Ann Dixon married on July 11, 1953. She died on November 26, 2004, the day following her 74th birthday, in Orangeville, Ontario, from undisclosed causes.[37] They had three children and five grandchildren.[9]

In recognition of his contributions to the arts, as well as his sustained support, Jewison was installed as Chancellor of Victoria University in the University of Toronto in 2004;[38] he held the position until October 2010.[39]

In 2010 Blake Goldring donated $1,000,000 to Victoria University at the University of Toronto to establish a specialised first-year liberal arts program in Jewison's name. The program began in September 2011 welcoming fewer than 30 select students into Norman Jewison Stream for Imagination and the Arts. Goldring is a 1981 graduate of the school.[40]

Also in 2010, Jewison married Lynne St. David, whom he had begun dating in 2008. Her married name is Lynne St. David–Jewison.[41]

Norman Jewison died in his Malibu home on January 20, 2024, at age 97.[42][43]

Filmography

[edit]

Film

[edit]
Year Title Director Producer Writer
1962 40 Pounds of Trouble Yes No No
1963 The Thrill of It All Yes No No
1964 Send Me No Flowers Yes No No
1965 The Art of Love Yes No No
The Cincinnati Kid Yes No No
1966 The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming Yes Yes No
1967 In the Heat of the Night Yes No No
1968 The Thomas Crown Affair Yes Yes No
1969 Gaily, Gaily Yes Yes No
1971 Fiddler on the Roof Yes Yes No
1973 Jesus Christ Superstar Yes Yes Yes
1975 Rollerball Yes Yes No
1978 F.I.S.T. Yes Yes No
1979 ...And Justice for All Yes Yes No
1982 Best Friends Yes Yes No
1984 A Soldier's Story Yes Yes No
1985 Agnes of God Yes Yes No
1987 Moonstruck Yes Yes No
1989 In Country Yes Yes No
1991 Other People's Money Yes Yes No
1994 Only You Yes Yes No
1996 Bogus Yes Yes No
1999 The Hurricane Yes Yes No
2003 The Statement Yes Yes No

  Producer only

Executive producer

Acting roles

Year Title Role Notes
1996 The Stupids TV Director
1997 An Alan Smithee Film: Burn Hollywood Burn Himself Uncredited

Ref.:[44][45][46][47]

Television

[edit]
Year Title Director Producer Executive
Producer 		Notes
1952 Let's See No Yes No
1952–53 The Big Revue Yes No Yes
1954 On Stage No Yes No
The Denny Vaughan Show Yes No No
1955 The Wayne and Shuster Show Yes No No
1956–57 The Barris Beat Yes Yes No
1958 The Adventures of Chich Yes No No
1958–59 Your Hit Parade Yes No No
1959 The Chevy Showroom Starring Andy Williams Yes No No
The Big Party Yes No No
The Revlon Revue Yes Yes No
1963 The Judy Garland Show Yes Yes Yes
1981 The 53rd Academy Awards No Yes No ABC Awards ceremony
1994–95 Picture Windows Yes No Yes Directed 1 episode
1996–98 The Rez No No Yes 19 episodes

TV specials

Year Title Director Producer
1960 The Fabulous Fifties Yes No
An Hour with Danny Kaye Yes No
Belafonte, New York 19 Yes No
1961 Bulova Watch Time with Pat Boone Yes No
1962 The Broadway of Lerner and Loewe Yes Yes

TV movies

Year Title Director Producer Executive
Producer
1960 The Secret World of Eddie Hodges Yes Yes No
1961 The Million Dollar Incident Yes No No
1993 Geronimo No No Yes
2001 Dinner with Friends Yes No Yes
Walter and Henry No No Yes

Ref.:[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]

Achievements and honours

[edit]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Norman Jewison
Jewison's star on Canada's Walk of Fame

Jewison was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director three times in three separate decades for In the Heat of the Night (1967), Fiddler on the Roof (1971) and Moonstruck (1987). He also won the prestigious Silver Bear for Best Director at the Berlin Film Festival and earned Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Directors Guilds of both Canada and America. He also won a BAFTA Award.

Year Work Academy Awards BAFTA Awards Golden Globe Awards Refs
Nominations Wins Nominations Wins Nominations Wins
1965 The Cincinnati Kid 1 [57]
1966 The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming 4 2 5 2 [58][59][60]
1967 In the Heat of the Night 7 5 4 2 7 3 [61][62][63]
1968 The Thomas Crown Affair 2 1 1 2 1 [64][65][66]
1969 Gaily, Gaily 3 [67]
1971 Fiddler on the Roof 8 3 3 4 2 [68][69][70]
1973 Jesus Christ Superstar 1 4 1 6 [71][72][73]
1975 Rollerball 4 1 [74]
1979 ...And Justice for All 2 1 [75][76]
1982 Best Friends 1 1 [77][78]
1984 A Soldier's Story 3 3 [79][80]
1985 Agnes of God 3 2 1 [81][82]
1987 Moonstruck 6 3 4 5 2 [83][84][85]
1989 In Country 1 [86]
1999 The Hurricane 1 3 1 [87][88]
Total 41 12 22 4 41 12

References

[edit]
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  3. ^ "Reel Beach: Remembering an 'old man' or five from the Beach on Father's Day". June 20, 2021.
  4. ^ "Norman Jewison Film Reference biography". Film Reference. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
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  6. ^ This Terrible Business has been Good to Me. October 27, 2004. ASIN 1552632113.
  7. ^ a b "Jewison interview in CBCs "The Hour", May 27, 2009". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
  8. ^ a b Sears, Alex Asher; LoBrutto, Vincent (2008). "Norman Jewison Receives the ACE Golden Eddie Award". American Cinema Editors. Archived from the original on February 18, 2008.
  9. ^ a b c Smith, Harrison (January 22, 2024). "Norman Jewison, filmmaker with lens on social issues, dies at 97". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
  10. ^ a b Whitaker, Sheila (January 23, 2024). "Norman Jewison obituary". The Guardian. London. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
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  12. ^ a b "boxoffice-february121962". yumpu.com. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
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  15. ^ Boxoffice (Oct–Dec 1962). Media History Digital Library. New York. 1962.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
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  30. ^ CFC Creates
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  35. ^ CFC Productions
  36. ^ CFC Staff Members
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  53. ^ Nollen, Scott Allen; Nollen, Yuyun Yuningsih (January 4, 2021). Karloff and the East: Asian, Indian, Middle Eastern and Oceanian Characters and Subjects in His Screen Career. McFarland. p. 402. ISBN 9781476640860.
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  87. ^ "The 72nd Academy Awards – 2000". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. April 22, 2015. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
  88. ^ "Hurricane, The". Golden Globe Awards. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
[edit]
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