Harry Primrose, 6th Earl of Rosebery

The Right Honourable The Earl of Rosebery KT DSO MC PC FRSE
Secretary of State for Scotland
In office 23 May 1945 – 26 July 1945
Monarch	George VI
Prime Minister	Winston Churchill
Preceded by	Thomas Johnston
Succeeded by	Joseph Westwood
Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal
In office 21 May 1929 – 31 May 1974 Hereditary peerage
Preceded by	The 5th Earl of Rosebery
Succeeded by	The 7th Earl of Rosebery
Member of Parliament for Midlothian
In office 8 February 1906 – 10 February 1910
Preceded by	Alexander Murray
Succeeded by	Alexander Murray
Personal details
Born	8 January 1882 (1882-01-08)
Died	31 May 1974 (1974-06-01) (aged 92)
Nationality	British
Political party	Liberal National Liberal
Spouses	Dorothy Grosvenor ​ ​ (m. 1909; div. 1919)​ Eva Strutt ​ (m. 1924)​
Children	3, including Ronald and Neil
Parent(s)	Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery Hannah de Rothschild
Cricket information
Batting	Right-handed
Bowling	Right-arm fast
Career statistics
Competition First-class Matches 102 Runs scored 3,551 Batting average 22.47 100s/50s 2/19 Top score 138 Balls bowled 131 Wickets 3 Bowling average 33.33 5 wickets in innings 0 10 wickets in match 0 Best bowling 2/16 Catches/stumpings 50/–
Source: CricketArchive, 8 May 2022

Albert Edward Harry Meyer Archibald Primrose, 6th Earl of Rosebery, 2nd Earl of Midlothian, KT, DSO, MC, PC, FRSE (8 January 1882 – 31 May 1974), styled Lord Dalmeny until 1929, was a British liberal politician who briefly served as Secretary of State for Scotland in 1945. He was the Member of Parliament for Midlothian from 1906 to 1910. He became the Earl of Rosebery and Midlothian in 1929 and was thus a member of the House of Lords until his death.

Early life

He was born at Dalmeny House west of Edinburgh on 8 January 1882. His parents were Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (from 1894 to 1895) and Hannah Primrose, Countess of Rosebery, a member of the Rothschild family. He was the brother of Neil Primrose and the writer Lady Sybil Grant.

He was educated at Eton then undertook military training at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.

Career

Lord Dalmeny was commissioned into the Grenadier Guards as a Second lieutenant 12 February 1902.

During the First World War, he served in France from 1914 to 1917 as Camp Commandant and ADC to General Allenby and subsequently in Palestine as Allenby's Military Secretary.

Cricket career

Primrose playing cricket

As Lord Dalmeny he was a prominent cricketer. He played two first-class matches for Middlesex in 1902. He served as captain of Surrey from 1905 to 1907. He played in 102 first-class matches in all, scoring 3551 runs at an average of 22.47, including two centuries. His highest score was 138 against Leicestershire in 1905, when he added 260 for the sixth wicket in 130 minutes with J. N. Crawford. He was a hitter of notable power and though never consistent he could on occasions "knock the best bowling all over the field", as when he hit 58 against Nottinghamshire on a difficult wicket at The Oval in 1905. Against Essex in 1906 he scored 52 in 37 minutes in the first innings and 58 not out in 45 minutes in the second.

Rosebery was also a notable race-horse owner. He won The Derby with Blue Peter and Ocean Swell, and won most other classic British flat races, with horses bred at his Mentmore and Crafton Studs.

Political career

He commenced his political career by being elected Liberal Member of Parliament for the Scottish seat of Edinburghshire. This was a county, better known by its modern name of Midlothian, which was an area where the Roseberys had long been prominent landowners. Dalmeny was one of almost 400 Liberals returned in the great landslide victory of the 1906 election. He retired from the House of Commons in January 1910. At the time of his death he was the last survivor of the 1906 Liberal MPs.

Rosebery entered the House of Lords on the death of his father in 1929. The same year he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Midlothian, a post he held until 1964.

In 1938 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Hugh Macmillan, Baron Macmillan, Sir Thomas Henry Holland, James Pickering Kendall and James Watt.

In February 1941, during the Second World War, he was appointed Regional Commissioner for Civil Defence in Scotland. When the wartime coalition government broke up in 1945, Winston Churchill formed a caretaker administration to hold office until the 1945 general election. The new government was composed of members of the Conservative Party and the small groups which had allied with it in the National governments in office 1931–1940. Amongst these allies was the National Liberal Party to which Rosebery belonged.

One of the most unexpected appointments Churchill made was to install Rosebery as a member of the Privy Council and Secretary of State for Scotland. Both men had served together in the Liberal Parliamentary Party in the 1906–1910 Parliament. The caretaker Ministry was in office May to July 1945. So brief was his tenure at the Scottish Office that during the Royal Commission on Scottish Affairs (1952-4) he declined to give evidence on the grounds that he did not know what to say. Reputedly, his last words prior to his departing from the Scottish Office were "Well. I didn't make a bad job of this, did I? Didn't have the time".

Later life

He was created a Knight of the Order of the Thistle (KT) in 1947 by King George VI. Rosebery was President of the National Liberal Party 1945–1957. From 1951 to 1974 he was the president of the influential Scottish conservation organisation the Cockburn Association. He was also appointed Chairman of the Royal Fine Art Commission for Scotland in 1952.

Personal life

In 1909, Harry Primrose married Dorothy Alice Margaret Augusta Grosvenor, daughter of Lord Henry George Grosvenor (a son of the 1st Duke of Westminster) and Dora Mina Erskine-Wemyss. Before their divorce in 1919, they had a son and a daughter:

• Archibald Ronald Primrose, Lord Dalmeny (1910–1931), a 2nd Lieutenant in the General List.
• Lady Helen Dorothy Primrose (1913–1998), who married Major Hon. Hugh Adeane Vivian Smith, son of Vivian Smith, 1st Baron Bicester and Lady Sybil Mary McDonnell (a daughter of the 6th Earl of Antrim), in 1933.

In 1924 Primrose remarried to Dame Eva Isabel Marian Strutt, a daughter of Henry Bruce, 2nd Baron Aberdare. They were the parents of two children, only one of whom survived:

• Neil Archibald Primrose, 7th Earl of Rosebery (1929–2024), who married Alison Mary Deirdre Reid, daughter of Ronald William Reid, in 1955.
• Lady Mary Primrose (1935–1935), who died at birth.

Lord Rosebery died at Mentmore Towers in Buckinghamshire on 30 May 1974 and was succeeded in his titles by his younger son, Neil.

Sources

• Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Vol. II: 1886–1918, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (The Harvester Press 1978)
• Pottinger, George, The Secretaries of State for Scotland, 1926-1976 (Scottish Academic Press, 1979)
• Torrance, D., The Scottish Secretaries (Birlinn, 2006)

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Earl of Rosebery
• The Scottish Secretaries A website dedicated to the Scottish Secretaries
• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Lord Dalmeny
• David Torrance's Scottish Office blog, davidtorrance.blogspot.com; accessed 18 April 2016
• Profile, content-uk.cricinfo.com; accessed 18 April 2016