Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November

Selected anniversaries / On this day archive

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November 1: Samhain and Beltane in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, respectively; Rajyotsava (Formation Day) in Karnataka, India (1956)

Ansel Adams

1214 – Byzantine–Seljuk wars: Seljuq Turks captured the important port city of Sinope.
1921 – Frances Kyle was called to the Bar of Ireland, becoming the first female barrister in Ireland or Great Britain.
1941 – American photographer Ansel Adams (pictured) shot Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico, one of his most famous photographs.
1944 – World War II: An American F-13 Superfortress made the first flight by an Allied aircraft over Tokyo since the Doolittle Raid in April 1942.
1963 – Lê Quang Tung, loyalist head of the South Vietnam Special Forces, was executed in a U.S.-backed coup against president Ngô Đình Diệm following a period of religious unrest.

Józef Zajączek (b. 1752)
Caroline Still Anderson (b. 1848)
Umberto Agnelli (b. 1934)
Livia Gouverneur (d. 1961)

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November 2

An emu killed by Australian soldiers

619 – Emperor Gaozu of Tang allowed the assassination of a khagan of the Western Turkic Khaganate by Eastern Turkic rivals, one of the earliest events in the Tang campaigns against the Western Turks.
1932 – The Australian military began a "war against emus" (man with dead emu pictured), flightless native birds blamed for widespread damage to crops in Western Australia.
1960 – In the trial R v Penguin Books Ltd, publisher Penguin Books was acquitted of obscenity for the publication of Lady Chatterley's Lover by D. H. Lawrence.
2007 – In Tbilisi, Georgia, tens of thousands of people demonstrated against the allegedly corrupt government of president Mikheil Saakashvili.

Bettisia Gozzadini (d. 1261)
Edward Mitchell Bannister (b. 1828)
Hélène de Pourtalès (d. 1945)
Charmaine Dragun (d. 2007)

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November 3: Culture Day in Japan

Truman showing the "Dewey Defeats Truman" headline

1793 – French Revolution: Playwright, journalist and outspoken feminist Olympe de Gouges was guillotined.
1898 – The Fashoda Incident ended with French forces withdrawing after several months of military stalemate with the British in Fashoda (now in South Sudan).
1948 – The Chicago Daily Tribune published the erroneous headline "Dewey Defeats Truman" (pictured) in its early morning edition shortly after incumbent U.S. president Harry S. Truman officially upset the heavily favored governor of New York Thomas Dewey in the presidential election.
1957 – The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, carrying the space dog Laika as the first living creature to enter orbit around Earth.

Achilles Gasser (b. 1505)
Kinjirō Ashiwara (b. 1850)
Bangalore Nagarathnamma (b. 1878)
Ronald Barnes (d. 1997)

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November 4: Constitution Day in the Dominican Republic (2024); National Unity and Armed Forces Day in Italy

Interior of a City and South London Railway carriage

1890 – The City and South London Railway (carriage pictured), the first deep-level underground railway in the world, officially opened, running 3.2 mi (5.1 km) between the City of London and Stockwell.
1912 – The keel of USS Nevada was laid down, beginning construction on the United States Navy's first "super-dreadnought".
1938 – The Hlinka Guard and Slovakian police began the deportation of several thousand Jews from the country.
1964 – Ruhollah Khomeini was arrested by SAVAK, the Iranian secret police, and exiled to Turkey.
2016 – The Paris Agreement, under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, came into effect.

Hu Zongxian (b. 1512)
John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester (d. 1576)
Shakuntala Devi (b. 1929)
Tabu (b. 1971)

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November 5: Guy Fawkes Night in Great Britain and some Commonwealth countries

Aline Chrétien

1138 – Lý Anh Tông was enthroned as the emperor of Đại Việt at the age of two, beginning a 37-year reign.
1943 – World War II: An unknown aircraft dropped four bombs on Vatican City, which maintained neutrality during the war.
1995 – Aline Chrétien (pictured) thwarted André Dallaire's attempt to assassinate her husband, Canadian prime minister Jean Chrétien, by locking the bedroom door in 24 Sussex Drive, their official residence in Ottawa.
2003 – American serial killer Gary Ridgway pleaded guilty to 48 counts of first-degree murder.
2013 – The Indian Space Research Organisation launched the Mars Orbiter Mission, India's first interplanetary probe.

Louis Bertrand Castel (b. 1688)
Edwin Flack (b. 1873)
James Robert Baker (d. 1997)
Habibollah Asgaroladi (d. 2013)

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November 6: Gustavus Adolphus Day in Estonia, Finland and Sweden

Red Cloud

1217 – King Henry III of England issued the Charter of the Forest, re-establishing the rights of access of free men to royal forests.
1794 – French Revolutionary Wars: Two British ships are intercepted by a French squadron, leading to the French seizure of the HMS Alexander.
1868 – Red Cloud (pictured), a Native American leader of the Oglala Lakota tribe, signed the Treaty of Fort Laramie, ending Red Cloud's War and establishing the Great Sioux Reservation.
1917 – First World War: Canadian forces captured Passendale, Belgium, after three months of fighting against the Germans at the Battle of Passchendaele.
1988 – Two earthquakes occurring 12 minutes apart struck Yunnan near the China–Myanmar border, killing more than 730 people.

Nasta Rojc (b. 1883)
Jerry Yang (b. 1968)
Emma Stone (b. 1988)
Anthony Sawoniuk (d. 2005)

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November 7: International Inuit Day

Tufted jay

1837 – American abolitionist Elijah Parish Lovejoy was murdered by a pro-slavery mob in Alton, Illinois, during an attack to destroy his printing press and abolitionist materials.
1934 – The first specimens of the tufted jay (pictured) to be scientifically described were collected in Mexico.
1949 – Oil was discovered in the Caspian Sea off the coast of Azerbaijan, leading to the construction of Neft Daşları, the world's first offshore oil platform.
1987 – Singapore's first Mass Rapid Transit line opened, with train services running between Yio Chu Kang and Toa Payoh.
1997 – The science fiction film Starship Troopers was released to generally negative reviews.

Ibn Hazm (b. 994)
Paul Sandby (d. 1809)
Ruby Hurley (b. 1909)
Ellen Stewart (b. 1919)

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November 8: Intersex Day of Remembrance

Shunzhi Emperor

1644 – The Shunzhi Emperor (portrait shown), the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, was enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the Ming dynasty as the first Qing emperor to rule over China.
1957 – En route from San Francisco to Honolulu, Pan Am Flight 7 crashed into the Pacific Ocean due to unknown causes, killing all 44 people on board.
1966 – Former Massachusetts attorney general Edward Brooke became the first African American elected to the United States Senate since Reconstruction.
1974 – British peer Lord Lucan disappeared without a trace, a day after allegedly murdering Sandra Rivett, his children's nanny.
2006 – Israeli artillery shelled a row of houses in the Gaza Strip town of Beit Hanoun, killing at least 19 Palestinians and wounding more than 40 others.

Thomas Bewick (d. 1828)
Hermann Rorschach (b. 1884)
Rhea Seddon (b. 1947)
Johannes Latuharhary (d. 1959)

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November 9

People walking through Checkpoint Charlie in Berlin

1888 – Mary Jane Kelly, widely believed to be the fifth and final victim of the notorious unidentified serial killer Jack the Ripper, was murdered in London.
1914 – World War I: Off the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, the Australian light cruiser Sydney sank Emden, the last active German warship in the Indian Ocean.
1939 – World War II: A covert Sicherheitsdienst operation captured two British Secret Intelligence Service agents near Venlo in the Netherlands.
1989 – East German official Günter Schabowski mistakenly announced the immediate opening of the inner German border, resulting in the fall of the Berlin Wall that night (border crossing pictured).
2019 – Pakistani prime minister Imran Khan inaugurated the Kartarpur Corridor, a visa-free border crossing connecting the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib to the Indian border.

Domenico Lorenzo Ponziani (b. 1719)
Lenore Romney (b. 1908)
Harry Trott (d. 1917)
Nadezhda Alliluyeva (d. 1932)

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November 10

Caroll Spinney with his Oscar the Grouch puppet in 2014

1599 – At the culmination of a Swedish civil war, supporters of the deposed Sigismund III Vasa were publicly executed in what came to be known as the Åbo Bloodbath.
1969 – The children's television series Sesame Street (puppeteer Caroll Spinney pictured) premiered in the United States.
1972 – Three men hijacked Southern Airways Flight 49 and threatened to crash it into Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the U.S. state of Tennessee.
2006 – Prominent Sri Lankan Tamil politician and human rights lawyer Nadarajah Raviraj was assassinated in Colombo.
2009 – Ships of the South Korean and North Korean navies skirmished off Daecheong Island in the Yellow Sea.

Afzal Khan (d. 1659)
Scipione Piattoli (b. 1749)
Andrés Manuel del Río (b. 1764)
Elisa Leonida Zamfirescu (b. 1887)

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November 11: Armistice Day (known as Remembrance Day in the Commonwealth of Nations and Veterans Day in the United States); Singles' Day in China

Shrine of Remembrance

1778 – American Revolutionary War: British forces and their Iroquois allies attacked a fort and the village of Cherry Valley, New York, killing 14 soldiers and 30 civilians.
1813 – War of 1812: A British–Canadian force repelled an American attack at the Battle of Crysler's Farm, forcing the United States to give up their attempt to capture Montreal.
1934 – The Shrine of Remembrance (pictured), a memorial to all Australians who have served in war, opened in Melbourne.
1999 – The House of Lords Act was given royal assent, removing most hereditary peers from the British House of Lords.
2008 – After 30 years in power, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom succeeded Mohamed Nasheed as president of the Maldives.

Édouard Vuillard (b. 1868)
Martha Annie Whiteley (b. 1866)
Maria Teresa de Filippis (b. 1926)
Leonardo DiCaprio (b. 1974)

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November 12

Destruction of Tirpitz

1928 – The British ocean liner SS Vestris sank in the western Atlantic Ocean, killing 111 people.
1944 – Second World War: The Royal Air Force sank the German battleship Tirpitz on the ninth attempt (video featured), killing about 1,000 sailors on board.
1956 – Suez Crisis: During an invasion of the Rafah, Israeli soldiers shot and killed almost 111 Palestinian refugees and local inhabitants.
1991 – Indonesian forces opened fire on student demonstrators protesting the occupation of East Timor in the capital Dili, killing at least 250 people.
2014 – The European Space Agency lander Philae touched down on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, becoming the first spacecraft to land on a comet.

Johan Rantzau (b. 1492)
Rachel Barrett (b. 1874)
Jo Stafford (b. 1917)
Robert Goff, Baron Goff of Chieveley (b. 1926)

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November 13

Æthelred II of England

1002 – King Æthelred II (pictured) ordered the massacre of all Danes in England.
1914 – Zaian War: Zaian Berber tribesmen routed French forces in Morocco at the Battle of El Herri.
1963 – A man wielding a dagger was subdued as he was about to attack Sanzō Nosaka, the chairman of the Japanese Communist Party.
1966 – The Israeli military conducted a large cross-border assault on the Jordanian-controlled West Bank village of Samu in response to a Fatah land mine incident.
1974 – In Amityville, New York, Ronald DeFeo Jr. killed the other six members of his family, later inspiring the book The Amityville Horror and the subsequent media franchise.

Theophilus H. Holmes (b. 1804)
Arthur Nebe (b. 1894)
Anne Dallas Dudley (b. 1876)
Amelia Bence (b. 1914)

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November 14: World Diabetes Day; Dobruja Day in Romania

Apollo 12 launches from the Kennedy Space Center

1941 – Second World War: After suffering torpedo damage the previous day, the British aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal sank as she was being towed to Gibraltar for repairs.
1969 – Apollo 12 (pictured) launches from the Kennedy Space Center, becoming the second crewed flight to land on the moon.
1990 – Music producer Frank Farian admitted that the German R&B duo Milli Vanilli did not sing the vocals on their album Girl You Know It's True.
1992 – In poor conditions caused by Cyclone Forrest, Vietnam Airlines Flight 474 crashed near Nha Trang, killing 30 people.
2003 – Astronomers Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz discovered the trans-Neptunian object Sedna.

Mikayel Nalbandian (b. 1829)
John Abercrombie (d. 1844)
Franz Müller (d. 1864)
Bernard Hinault (b. 1954)

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November 15

Deodoro da Fonseca

1859 – Sponsored by Greek businessman Evangelos Zappas, the first modern revival of the Olympic Games took place in Athens.
1864 – American Civil War: Union Army general William Tecumseh Sherman began his March to the Sea, inflicting significant damage to property and infrastructure using scorched-earth tactics on his way from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia.
1889 – Brazilian emperor Pedro II was overthrown in a coup led by Deodoro da Fonseca (pictured), while the country was proclaimed a republic.
1959 – Two men murdered a family in Holcomb, Kansas; the events became the subject of Truman Capote's non-fiction novel In Cold Blood, a pioneering work of the true crime genre.
1988 – Palestine Liberation Organization leader Yasser Arafat proclaimed the creation of the State of Palestine as "the state of Palestinians wherever they may be".

Madeleine de Scudéry (b. 1607)
Sara Josephine Baker (b. 1873)
Charles Thomson Rees Wilson (d. 1959)
Margaret Mead (d. 1978)

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November 16

Mosiac of Justinian I in the Basilica of San Vitale

534 – The second edition of the Code of Justinian, a codification of Roman law by Byzantine emperor Justinian I (pictured), was published.
1532 – Spanish conquest of Peru: Conquistador Francisco Pizarro orchestrated a surprise attack (depiction shown) in Cajamarca, capturing the Inca emperor, Atahualpa.
1914 – World War I: Austro-Hungarian forces launched an assault against Serbian defensive positions at the Kolubara river, beginning the Battle of Kolubara.
1944 – World War II: Operation Queen commenced with one of the heaviest Allied tactical bombings of the war, attacking German targets in the Rur valley.
1959 – The Sound of Music, a musical by Rodgers and Hammerstein based on The Story of the Trapp Family Singers, opened on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre.

Nasr of Granada (d. 1322)
Eleanor Coade (d. 1821)
Kalākaua (b. 1836)
Chinua Achebe (b. 1930)

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November 17

H. H. Holmes

1796 – French Revolutionary Wars: French forces defeated the Austrians at the Battle of Arcole in a manoeuvre to cut the latter's line of retreat.
1894 – H. H. Holmes (pictured), one of the first modern serial killers, was arrested in Boston after killing at least nine people.
1968 – NBC controversially cut away from an American football game between the Oakland Raiders and New York Jets to broadcast Heidi, causing viewers in the Eastern United States to miss the game's dramatic ending.
1989 – Walt Disney Pictures released The Little Mermaid to theatres, starting the Disney Renaissance.
2009 – Administrators at the University of East Anglia's Climatic Research Unit discovered that their servers had been hacked and thousands of emails and files on climate change had been stolen.

Nikephoros Melissenos (d. 1104)
Agnes of Jesus (b. 1602)
Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain (b. 1729)
Nicolas Appert (b. 1749)

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November 18

Flag of Solomon Islands

1583 – The Siege of Godesberg, the first major siege of the Cologne War, began.
1977 – Solomon Islands ratified the adoption of a new flag (pictured).
1978 – Jim Jones led more than 900 members of the Peoples Temple to mass murder/suicide in Jonestown, Guyana, hours after some of its members assassinated U.S. Congressman Leo Ryan.
2003 – With its ruling in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court made the state the first in the U.S. to legalize same-sex marriage.
2017 – Cyclone Numa, a rare "medicane", made landfall in Greece to become the worst weather event that the country had experienced since 1977.

Philibert Commerson (b. 1727)
Mitsuyo Maeda (b. 1878)
Wilma Mankiller (b. 1945)
Maribel Domínguez (b. 1978)

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November 19: International Men's Day; World Toilet Day; Liberation Day in Mali (1968)

Ronald Reagan (left) and Mikhail Gorbachev in Geneva

1863 – American Civil War: Confederate forces began the Siege of Knoxville against Union fortifications, surrounding most of the city.
1921 – Rioting broke out in Bombay, India, during the visit of Edward, Prince of Wales, leading to at least 58 deaths.
1933 – The Union of the Right, a coalition of right-wing parties, won the majority of seats in the 1933 Spanish general election, the first election in the country with suffrage extended to women.
1985 – The first of five summits (pictured) between Soviet general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and U.S. president Ronald Reagan began in Geneva.
2013 – A double suicide bombing at the Iranian embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killed 23 people and injured at least 160 others.

Nicolas Poussin (d. 1665)
C. X. Larrabee (b. 1843)
John O'Reily (b. 1846)
Larry King (b. 1933)

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November 20: Transgender Day of Remembrance in the United States

Nuremberg trial defendants

1845 – Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata: The Argentine Confederation was defeated in the Battle of Vuelta de Obligado, but the losses ultimately made the United Kingdom and France give up the blockade.
1945 – The Nuremberg trials (defendants pictured) of 24 leading Nazis involved in the Holocaust and various war crimes during World War II began in Nuremberg, Germany.
1947 – Princess Elizabeth, daughter of King George VI, married Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten, who was given the title Duke of Edinburgh.
1990 – Andrei Chikatilo, one of the Soviet Union's most prolific serial killers, was arrested in Novocherkassk.
2003 – Suicide bombers blew up the British consulate and the headquarters of HSBC Bank in Istanbul, killing 31 people, including consul general Roger Short and actor Kerem Yılmazer.

Theoktistos (d. 855)
Carl Axel Arrhenius (d. 1824)
Izz ad-Din al-Qassam (d. 1935)
Commander X (d. 2003)

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November 21: Armed Forces Day in Bangladesh

La Ronde in 1973

1386 – Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur captured and sacked the Georgian capital Tbilisi and forced King Bagrat V to convert to Islam.
1877 – Thomas Edison announced his invention of the phonograph, a device able to record and play sound.
1950 – Two trains collided near Valemount, Canada, killing 21 people; the subsequent trial brought future prime minister John Diefenbaker to greater political attention.
1961 – La Ronde (pictured), the first revolving restaurant in the United States, was inaugurated.
2009 – An explosion in a coal mine in Heilongjiang, China, killed 108 miners.

William de Corbeil (d. 1136)
Francis Folger Franklin (d. 1736)
Mollie Steimer (b. 1897)
Jadunath Singh (b. 1916)

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November 22

Magnus Carlsen

1574 – The Spanish explorer Juan Fernández discovered the islands off the coast of Chile which now bear his name.
1797 – The Geisel School of Medicine, the fourth oldest medical school in the United States, was founded by the physician Nathan Smith.
1968 – The Beatles released their eponymous double album, popularly known as the White Album.
1987 – Two television stations in Chicago had their broadcast signals hijacked with footage of an unknown person wearing a Max Headroom mask and costume.
2013 – Norwegian chess grandmaster Magnus Carlsen (pictured) defeated India's Viswanathan Anand to become world chess champion.

Antipope Felix II (d. 365)
Francis Willughby (b. 1635)
Billie Nipper (b. 1929)
Yu-chien Kuan (d. 2018)

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November 23

Title page of Areopagitica

1644 – In opposition to licensing and censorship during the English Civil War, John Milton's Areopagitica (title page pictured) was published, arguing for the right to free expression.
1700 – A papal conclave, which had been deadlocked due to concerns over how a successor would respond to the impending death of Charles II of Spain, ended with the election of Clement XI.
1867 – The Manchester Martyrs were hanged in Manchester, England, for involvement in a scheme to free two Irish nationalists from custody in which a police officer was killed.
1876 – William "Boss" Tweed, a New York City politician who had been arrested for embezzlement, was handed over to US authorities after having escaped from prison and fled to Spain.
1963 – The first episode of Doctor Who, the world's longest-running science fiction television show, was broadcast on BBC television, starring William Hartnell as the first incarnation of the title role.

Richard Hakluyt (d. 1616)
Katharine Coman (b. 1857)
Shangguan Yunzhu (d. 1968)
Idries Shah (d. 1996)

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November 24

Hibiscus Rising from above

1221 – Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire: Genghis Khan defeated the renegade Khwarazmian prince Jalal al-Din at the Battle of the Indus.
1922 – Irish Civil War: Irish nationalist author Erskine Childers was executed by the Irish Free State for illegally carrying a semi-automatic pistol.
1925 – The Eugene O'Neill Theatre opened on Broadway, New York, with a production of the musical Mayflowers.
1941 – The Holocaust: The Theresienstadt Ghetto was founded as a waystation to Nazi extermination camps and a "retirement settlement" for elderly and prominent Jews to mislead their communities about the Final Solution.
2023 – Hibiscus Rising (pictured), commemorating the life of David Oluwale, is unveiled in Leeds.

Magnús Óláfsson (d. 1265)
William P. Ragsdale (d. 1877)
Oscar Robertson (b. 1938)
Sylvie Kinigi (b. 1953)

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November 25: Evacuation Day in New York City (1783)

Moraine Lake at Banff National Park

1034 – After Malcolm II of Scotland died at Glamis, Duncan, the son of his second daughter, rather than Macbeth, the son of his eldest daughter, inherited the throne to become the King of Scots.
1491 – Reconquista: The Granada War was effectively brought to an end with the signing of the Treaty of Granada between Castile-Aragon and the Emirate of Granada.
1885 – Banff National Park (pictured), the oldest national park in Canada, was established as the Banff Hot Springs Reserve.
1951 – The left-wing Japanese novelist Wataru Kaji disappeared, leading to a government inquiry in which CIA involvement was investigated; Kaji stated he was kidnapped and held against his will by intelligence officers, which the United States denied.
2013 – English-Irish boy band One Direction released their third studio album Midnight Memories which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and became the best-selling album of 2013.

Osanna of Cattaro (b. 1493)
Enoch Fenwick (d. 1827)
Samuel Lightfoot Flournoy (b. 1846)
George Best (d. 2005)

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November 26: Feast day of Saint Sylvester Gozzolini (Catholicism); Constitution Day in India (1949)

Bombardment of Salé

1835 – Texas Revolution: Texian forces attacked a Mexican pack train, capturing 40 saddlebags of grass.
1851 – The French navy bombarded Salé, Morocco (pictured), damaging the city's infrastructure and its Great Mosque.
1940 – The Iron Guard killed 64 political detainees at a penitentiary near Bucharest and followed up with several high-profile assassinations, including that of former Romanian prime minister Nicolae Iorga.
1942 – Casablanca, starring Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman, premiered at the Hollywood Theatre in New York City to coincide with the Allied invasion of French North Africa and the capture of Casablanca.
2008 – A coordinated group of shooting and bombing attacks across Mumbai began, ultimately killing at least 174 people and wounding more than 300 others.

Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan (b. 1678)
Major Taylor (b. 1878)
Fatima Massaquoi (d. 1978)
Stephen Hillenburg (d. 2018)

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November 27: Guru Nanak Gurpurab (Sikhism, 2023)

William III

1835 – James Pratt and John Smith became the last people to be executed in England for sodomy.
1856 – William III (pictured) unilaterally revised the constitution of Luxembourg, greatly expanding his powers as grand duke.
1950 – Korean War: The Chinese People's Volunteer Army launched multiple attacks against United Nations forces, beginning the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.
1963 – President Lyndon B. Johnson delivered the "Let Us Continue" speech to a joint session of the U.S. Congress five days after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, in which he advocated for civil-rights legislation and national cohesion.
2009 – Lady Gaga performed the first concert of The Monster Ball Tour, which became the highest-grossing tour in history for a debut headlining artist.

Jacopo Mazzoni (b. 1548)
Katherine Sleeper Walden (b. 1862)
Harvey Milk (d. 1978)
Harrie Massey (d. 1983)

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November 28: Thanksgiving in the United States (2024); Bukovina Day in Romania

Skanderbeg

1443 – Having deserted the Ottoman army, Skanderbeg (pictured) arrived in the Albanian city of Krujë and, using a forged letter from Sultan Murad II to the governor of Krujë, became lord of the city.
1895 – The Chicago Times-Herald race, the first automobile race in the U.S., was held in Chicago.
1903 – SS Petriana struck a reef near Point Nepean, leading to Australia's first major oil spill and a debate over the White Australia policy.
1966 – In a military coup, Michel Micombero abolished the Burundian monarchy and declared the country a republic with himself as president.
2016 – LaMia Flight 2933 crashed near Medellín, Colombia, killing 71 people, many of whom were players from Chapecoense Football Club.

Manuel I Komnenos (b. 1118)
Magnus Olsen (b. 1878)
Wilhelmina of the Netherlands (d. 1962)
Helen of Greece and Denmark (d. 1982)

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November 29: Black Friday in the United States (2024); Liberation Day in Albania

Screenshot of a game of Pong

1781 – The crew of the British slave ship Zong, running low on water, began the killing of more than 130 African slaves by throwing them into the sea to claim insurance.
1810 – Napoleonic Wars: British troops rendezvoused at Grand Baie to launch an invasion of Isle de France, now known as Mauritius.
1924 – The Bronx County Bird Club was formed and would go on to lead the Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count in the eastern US for three years in a row.
1963 – Five minutes after taking off from Montréal–Dorval, Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 831 crashed in bad weather, killing all 118 people on board.
1972 – Atari announced the release of Pong (screenshot pictured), one of the first video games to achieve widespread popularity in both the arcade and home-console markets.
2012 – In resolution 67/19, the United Nations General Assembly voted to accord the status of a non-member observer state to Palestine.

Christian Doppler (b. 1803)
George Brown (b. 1818)
Adam Clayton Powell Jr. (b. 1908)
Yōichi Masuzoe (b. 1948)

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November 30: Saint Andrew's Day (Christianity)

U Thant

1700 – Great Northern War: Swedish forces led by King Charles XII defeated the Russian army at the Battle of Narva.
1934 – Flying Scotsman became the first steam locomotive officially to exceed 100 miles per hour (161 km/h).
1999 – A series of protests by anti-globalization activists against the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999 in Seattle forced the cancellation of the opening ceremonies.

Richard Farrant (d. 1580)
Jagadish Chandra Bose (b. 1858)
Eir Aoi (b. 1988)
Cherry Valentine (b. 1993)

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Selected anniversaries / On this day archive

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An archive of historical anniversaries that appeared on the Main Page 2024 day arrangement